Winnipeg Institute
for Theoretical Physics

WITP

WITP Summer Student Symposium 2020
21 Aug 2020, Online

Abstracts

Naman Agarwal
Holographic Complexity in 10-Dimensions
In the regime of puzzles surrounding black holes and their perplexing properties, a promising solution is introduced by the concept of Quantum Holographic Complexity. Even though the theory and the conjectures it draws are relatively new, it has attracted a huge amount of attention since it has been introduced. In the talk, we will have a brief look into what is Holographic complexity and how do we go about defining it. We are especially interested in looking at its behaviour in the full ten-dimensional picture of String Theory and spacetimes it deals with. We will also look at AdS/CFT correspondence, motivating it and understanding how it lets us calculate and study complexity.

Wade Cowie
Fast Fourier Transforms and Phase Transitions
We are interested in studying phase transitions in graphene. I will discuss the basic structure of the problem and point out some of the calculation difficulties. Fast Fourier Transforms are known to be computationally efficient, but they are not normally used to study phase transitions. I will explain why not, and describe a method we have developed to use FFT’s to solve an integral equation that models the behaviour of graphene, and exhibits a phase transition. I will compare the speed and accuracy of our method with a calculation that uses conventional integration methods.

Brad Cownden
Pumped Scalars in Global AdS
Pumped scalar fields on asymptotically AdSd+1 backgrounds are related to strongly coupled field theories in d-dimensions with time-dependent Hamiltonians through the AdS/CFT correspondence. While these systems have been examined numerically, a perturbative description that captures the weakly turbulent transfer of energy to short length scales has yet to be developed. In this talk, we describe the work done in [1912.07143] towards achieving this perturbative description. Unlike previous examinations in the literature, which focused on time-independent boundary conditions, the existence of a time-dependent term in the boundary condition for the scalar field means the scalar field solution contains two distinct parts: normalizable and non-normalizable modes. We study the effects of different choices for the boundary term on the time evolution of the first-order part of the scalar field. In each case, we calculate possible resonances from the produced from interactions between normalizable and non-normalizable modes, and — for certain choices of mass and dimension — evaluate the terms numerically. We show that the activation of a time-dependent boundary term results in multiple possible resonances, none of which are naturally vanishing.

Bailey Forster
Collective Modes in Anisotropic Plasmas: Part 2
The behaviour of quarks can be studied through high velocity nuclei collisions which produce a plasma. Experimental results suggest that these plasmas reach equilibrium much faster than expected. This phenomenon can be explained by the presence of unstable or imaginary modes in the dispersion equations. Our goal is to search for collective modes in anisotropic plasmas. This talk will discuss the formulation of dispersion equations by inverting tensor propagators using tensor decomposition and will describe how an appropriate tensor basis is constructed. The dispersion equations of anisotropic systems must be solved numerically. This presents a technical problem which can be addressed with a Nyquist analysis.

Michael Grehan
Calculating Holographic Complexity of Numerical Black Hole Collapse in AdS
Hawking radiation gave rise to the information paradox which has led physicists to believe a better understanding of gravity is needed to create a theory of quantum gravity. Calculating information quantities, such as complexity, that correspond to a black hole may help provide this understanding. Previous work to calculate holographic complexity in AdS has been done in a simplified manner that allowed analytical solutions. Our work calculates the complexity using numerical methods, in a non-simplified manner, which will allow us to better understand the quantum state of a forming black hole. We performed holographic complexity calculations for both the action and the volume conjecture, in both 4 and 5 dimensional AdS.

Sofiya Makar
Collective Modes in Anisotropic Plasmas: Part 1
Our goal is to study collective effects in quark-gluon plasmas. The general idea is to understand how single-particle properties are modified when particles live together in a plasma. Specifically, we want to determine the resonance condition which corresponds to optimal frequencies at which an individual particle becomes most aware of its neighbours. After a brief introduction, this talk will focus on numerical techniques that are used to obtain the resonance condition.

Brett Meggison
Anisotropic Graphene
We study the effects of anisotropic strain of the graphene lattice on the critical coupling constant. If the critical coupling constant can be decreased with anisotropy, it will make certain electronic applications of graphene physically realizable. We use a low energy effective field theory, relaxing many of the strict approximations made by previous studies in an attempt to help resolve conflicting results. We find that increasing anisotropy results in an increase in the value of the critical coupling.

Christopher Phillips
Equilibration of Quark-Gluon Plasmas
Heavy ion collisions are a useful tool in the study of the fundamental interactions between subatomic particles. The nuclei in these ions are composed of quarks and gluons, whose interactions are governed by quantum chromodynamics (QCD). A high energy heavy ion collision produces a plasma of excited gluons. The energy and pressure of this plasma can be extracted from the solution to the classical equation of motion. However, this calculation gives unphysical behaviour — it predicts that the system does not equilibrate, but in fact moves farther away from equilibrium with time. This happens because time-dependent quantum fluctuations rapidly overpower the classical solutions. A resummation technique has been developed to include all contributions at next-to-leading order. The technique has not yet been ap- plied to QCD, because of the technical difficulty of the calculation. I will show results for a scalar φ4 theory in Minkowski space, which show the expected physical behaviour of equilibration. We are currently working on the corresponding calculation in an expanding coordinate system, which is more physically relevant to the study of a quark-gluon plasma. Some preliminary results will be shown.

Shawna Skelton
Range of Entanglements in Spin Chains
Models with long range interactions, such as a modified transverse Ising model, are a promising way to examine how local and total entanglement relate. Quantitatively, entanglement of formation is a suited measure to describe the quantum correlations between individual sites in a spin chain. Utilizing infinite matrix product states, we identify the relationship between the range of pairwise entanglement and the range of interactions in the ground state of the Ising model. We then examine how the entanglement of formation varies with model parameters near a critical point, in an approach extendable to other quantum correlation measures such as the quantum discord.